economics Mcqs
1. the national economy2. profit maximizing under perfect competition and monopoly3. application of economics4. the aggregate demand aggregate supply model5. surplus6. money interest rates and output7. average and total cost8. stabilization adjustment reform and privatization9. risks and diversification efficient market hypothesis10. the phillips curve11. supply and demand12. capital formation investment choice information technology and technical progress13. aggregate supply unemployment and inflation14. elasticity15. comparative gdp16. roots of modern macroeconomics17. production factors18. poverty malnutrition and income inequality19. trade regulations and industrial policies20. monetary union21. exchange rate systems and currency crises22. economic development in historical perspective23. exchange rate determination24. monopoly competition25. the balance of payments26. inflation productivity27. macroeconomic issues and analysis28. employment migration and urbanization29. macroeconomic policy tools30. supply side policies31. exchange rate adjustments and the balance of32. miscellaneous33. taxation34. trade policies for the developing nations35. markets efficiency and the public interest36. the external debt and financial crises37. budget deficits and the trade balance38. alternative theories of the firm39. public goods40. the meaning and measurement of economic development41. characteristics and institutions of developing countries42. agriculture irrigation system of pakistan43. education health and human capital44. economic problems of developing countries45. theories of economic development46. basic of economics47. consumer theory vs real consumers48. applied microeconomics49. long term economic growth50. externality internality51. fiscal and monetary policy52. prices wages taxes53. balance of payments aid and foreign investment54. international factor movements and multinational corporations55. entrepreneurship organization and innovation56. the international economy and globalization57. population and development58. non tariff trade barriers59. foundations of modern trade theory60. global economic development61. market62. rural poverty and agricultural transformation63. regional trading arrangements64. foreign exchange65. introduction to economics66. world economy miscellaneous67. sources of comparative advantage68. natural resources and the environment toward sustainable development69. monopoly70. asymmetric information71. income inequality72. labour market73. tariffs74. development planning and policy making the state and the market75. oligopoly76. industrial development77. costs supply and perfect competition78. human capital79. monetary fiscal and incomes policy and inflation80. stocks
6901. The advantages of audience selectivity no ad competition and personalization apply to which type of media ?
comments icon0

A. Radio

B. Newspapers

C. Television

D. Direct Mail
6902. The fact that services are sold, produced and consumed at the same time refers to which of the following service characteristics ?
comments icon0

A. Variability

B. Inseparability

C. Intangibility

D. Perishability

6903. Markets fail to produce an efficient allocation of resources, but government also fail because ?
comments icon0

A. the managers of government agencies are trying to maximize the profit of their agency and they ignore the implications that this has on other departments

B. the optimal level of public goods may be too expensive for the society to produce

C. the measurement of social damages and benefits is difficult and imprecise

D. elected officials will act selflessly for the good of society and ignore their own self interest

6904. The optimal level of provision of public goods is where society total willingness to pay per unit is equal to the ?
comments icon0

A. total cost of producing the good

B. average cost of producing the good

C. marginal cost of producing the good

D. variable cost of producing the good

6905. A set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user is called a(n) ?
comments icon0

A. logistics

B. wholesaler

C. retailer

D. distribution channel
6906. The total number of item that the company carries within its product lines refers to the ________ of the product mix?
comments icon0

A. depth

B. length

C. consistency

D. width

6907. When companies make marketing decisions by considering consumers wants and the long run interests of the company consumer and the general population they are practicing which of the following principle ?
comments icon0

A. Innovative marketing

B. Consumer-oriented marketing

C. Value marketing

D. Societal marketing
6908. If Toyota describes one of its cars of the future as being a moderately priced subcompact designed as a second family car to be used arround town; the car is ideal for running errands and visiting friends, then the company has just stated a potential new product in terms of a(n) ?
comments icon0

A. Product idea

B. Product features

C. Product image

D. Product concept
6909. A ________ is any activity or benefit offered for sale that is essentially intangible and does not result in the ownership of anything?
comments icon0

A. basic staple

B. demand

C. service

D. product

6910. If a companys objective were to reach masses of buyers that were geographically dispersed at a low cost per exposure the company would like choose which of the following promotion forms ?
comments icon0

A. Personal selling

B. Public relations

C. Advertising

D. Sales promotion

6911. The Coase theorem states that ?
comments icon0

A. public goods should be produced up to the point where the additional benefit received by society equals the additional cost of producing the good

B. the private sector will fail to produce the efficient amount of a public good because of the free-rider problem.

C. if there are external costs in production the government must intervene in the market to assure that the efficient level of output is produced

D. under certain conditions, private parties can arrive at the efficient solution without government involvement
6912. Which of the following is NOT one of the five stages of the buyers decision process?
comments icon0

A. information search

B. need recognition

C. brand identification

D. purchase decision

6913. If PX > MCX, society gains by ?
comments icon0

A. raising the price of X.

B. production less X

C. Increasing the cost of producing X

D. Producing more X
6914. It is fact that there are 24 million left-handed people in the United States however most marketers do not attempt to appeal to or design products for this group because there is little in the way of census data about this is group Therefore, this groups fails in one of the requirements for effective segmentation Which of the following is most likely to apply in this case ?
comments icon0

A. actionable

B. substantial

C. differentiable

D. measurable
6915. The goal of the marketing logistics system should be to provide ?
comments icon0
A. A targeted level of customer service at the least cost

B. A targeted level of promotional support

C. A targeted level of transportation expense ratio

D. A targeted level of field support

6916. Many U.S firms have sought relief from foreign competition by demanding protectionism policies by the U.S government. A better way for companies to compete is to expand into foreign markets and ?
comments icon0

A. lower prices

B. increase promotion both at home and abroad

C. continuously improve their products at home

D. join into cartels at home

6917. The internet evolved from a network created by ________ during the 1960s?
comments icon0

A. the Massachusetts institutes of Technology (MIT)

B. the Commerce Department

C. the Defense Department

D. Northwestern University

6918. The type of trade promotion discount in which manufacturers agree to reduce the price to the retailer in exchange for the retailers agreement to feature the manufacturers products is some way is called a(n) ?
comments icon0

A. rebate

B. premium

C. allowance

D. discount

6919. Given recent information about growth trends and growth potential of ethnic populations within the U.S market which of the following ethnic groups would be a best bet to double during the next half century and become one of the U.S markets most viable segments ?
comments icon0

A. Western Europeans

B. Middle Eastern

C. African Americans

D. Hispanics and Asians
6920. One of the most promising developments in multivariable segmentation is called ____ where a host of demographic and socioeconomic factors are used ?
comments icon0

A. geothermy segmentation

B. geodemographic segmentation

C. fermagraphic segmentation

D. terragraphic segmentation

6921. The idea that when externalities are present private parties can arrive at the efficient solution without government intervention under certain circumstance is known as ?
comments icon0

A. the drop -in-the bucket problem.

B. Arrows impossibility theorem

C. The coase theorem

D. free rider problem

6922. Wal-Mart owned Sams club is an example of a retail called a(n) ?
comments icon0

A. factory outlet

B. seconds store

C. warehouse club

D. super specialty store

6923. All of the following would be ways to segment within the category of psychographic segmentation EXCEPT ?
comments icon0

A. social class

B. lifestyle

C. occupation

D. personality

6924. When a company enters a new product category for which its current brand names are not appropriate it will likely follow which of the following brand strategies ?
comments icon0

A. Line extensions

B. Brand extensions

C. Product extensions

D. New brands
6925. A company faces several major decisions in international marketing the first of these decisions is often ?
comments icon0
A. looking at the global marketing environment

B. deciding how to enter markets

C. deciding whether to go international

D. deciding which markets to enter

6926. The orange juice manufacturers know that orange juice is most often consumed in the mornings. However they would like to change this and make the drink acceptable during other time periods during the day Which form of segmentation would they need to work with and establish strategy reflective of their desires ?
comments icon0

A. gender segmentation

B. age and lief-cycle segmentation

C. benefit segmentation

D. occasion segmentation
6927. The place in the business buying behavior model where interpersonal and individual influences might interact is called the ?
comments icon0

A. response

B. environment

C. stimuli

D. buying center
6928. ________ are ads that appear while subscribers are surfing online services or Web sites, including banners, pop-up windows, tickers and roadblocks?
comments icon0
A. Online ads

B. Online broadcasts

C. Online bullets

D. Online infomercials

6929. When an importing country sets limits on the amount of goods it will accept in certain product categories it is called a(n) ?
comments icon0

A. tariff

B. barrier

C. embargo

D. quota
6930. Traditionally companies have defined their business in product terms or in technological terms however mission statements should be all of the following EXCEPT ?
comments icon0

A. market oriented

B. motivating

C. a statement of religion

D. based on distinctive competencies

6931. The shrinking or distances due to technological advances such as computer and fax connections by telephone are one characteristic of what new challenge to marketing ?
comments icon0

A. The micro-chip revolution

B. Rapid globalization

C. The call for more socially responsible marketing

D. The changing world economy

6932. Coginitive dissonance occurs in which stage of the buyer decision process model ?
comments icon0

A. Information search

B. Evaluation of alternative

C. Postpurchase behaviour

D. Need recognition

6933. The course of a products sales and profits over its lifetime is called ?
comments icon0
A. the product life cycle

B. the dynamic growth curve

C. the adoption cycle

D. the sales chart

E. the adoption cycle

6934. The study of human population in terms of size, density, location age gender, race occupation and other statistics is called ?
comments icon0
A. Demography

B. Ethnography

C. Geothermy

D. Hemos-popography

6935. In determining salesforce size, when a company groups accounts into different size classes and then determines the number of salespeople needed to call on them the desired number of times it is called the ?
comments icon0

A. Key-size approach

B. call-service appraoch

C. work-load appraoch

D. product-need appraoch

6936. A _____ is a good offered either free or at low cost as an incentive to buy a product ?
comments icon0

A. spiff

B. price pack

C. premium

D. patronage reward

6937. Consumer goods with unique characteristics or brand identification often requiring a special purchase effort are called?
comments icon0

A. custom products

B. shopping products

C. convenience products

D. specialty products
6938. A companys compensation plan should reflect its overall marketing strategy For example if the overall strategy is to grow rapidly and gain market share the compensation plan should reward ?
comments icon0

A. high pressure situations and competitive reaction

B. high sales performance and encourage capturing new accounts

C. spot selling and old product rejuvenation

D. loyalty and perseverance

6939. The In suppliers are most likely to get nervous and feel pressure to put their best foot forward in which of the following types of buying situations ?
comments icon0

A. indirect rebuy

B. modified rebuy

C. new task buying

D. straight rebuy

6940. __________ is persons distinguishing psychological characteristics that lead to his or her own environment?
comments icon0

A. Psychographics

B. Lifestyle

C. Personality

D. Demographics

6941. Catalog marketing is big business in the United States. The average house hold receives __________ catalogs per year?
comments icon0

A. 25

B. 100

C. 50

D. 75

6942. Rolls Royce uses which of the following distribution formats ?
comments icon0
A. Exclusive distribution

B. Intensive distribution

C. Open distribution

D. Selective distribution

6943. Private goods are ?
comments icon0

A. rival in consumption and their benefits are non-excludable

B. non-rival in consumption and their benefits excludable

C. rival in consumption and their benefits are excludable

D. non-rival in consumption and their benefits are nonexcludable:

6944. If your company were to make a product such as a suit of clothes and sold that product to a retailer your company would have sold to the __________ merket?
comments icon0

A. business

B. government

C. service

D. reseller
6945. The __________ is a person within a reference group who because of special skills knowledge personality or other characteristics exerts influence on others ?
comments icon0
A. opinion leader

B. social role player

C. referent actor

D. facilitator

6946. When a marketing research organization chooses a segment of the population that represents the population as a whole, they have chosen a ?
comments icon0
A. sample

B. group

C. market target

D. bi-variant population

6947. If the field salesforce has been supplied with new leads (via the telephone) that have been qualified, they have probably been assisted by ?
comments icon0

A. sales assistants

B. master salespersons

C. technical support persons

D. telemarketers
6948. In terms of special product life cycles a ________ is a basic and distinctive mode expression?
comments icon0
A. style

B. fad

C. fashion

D. genre

6949. successful ________ depends on how well a company blends its people organizational structure decision and reward systems, and company culture into a cohesive program that supports its strategies?
comments icon0

A. marketing analysis

B. marketing control

C. marketing implementation

D. marketing strategy

6950. The first modern environmental movement in the United States began in the ?
comments icon0

A. mid-1980s

B. 1960s and 1970s

C. 1950s

D. 1940s