soil science Mcqs
451. Sewage water consists of water and solids in the following percentage___________________?
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A. 90 & 10

B. 80 & 20

C. None of the above

D. 99 & 1
452. How many different minerals deposits are found in Pakistan ?
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A. None of the above

B. 30

C. 60

D. 100

453. Urea in manufactured form gases________________________?
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A. NH3

B. NH48CO2

C. NH3 & CH4

D. All the above

454. An ion or molecule in the coordination sphere central ion is called__________________?
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A. Chelate

B. Potential

C. Ligand

D. Complexion

455. Electrical conductivity of saturated paste is written as____________________?
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A. ECP

B. Ecw

C. ECs

D. ECe

456. Mineral soil contain organic carbon___________________?
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A. >4%

B. 5%

C. >10%

D.
457. Problem of erosion in Thal and Cholistan is due to____________________?
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A. Water

B. Wind

C. Fire

D. Atmosphere

458. The plant in which CO2 fixation is solely via the Calvin cycle is_____________________?
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A. CAB

B. CAM

C. C

D. C

459. Extraction of humic substance can be done by______________________?
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A. NH4OH

B. None of the above

C. NH4Cl

D. NaOH
460. Clear water with organic matter or sediment and minimum biological activity is known as__________________?
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A. Eutrophic

B. Mestrophic

C. Oligotrophic

D. Hydrotrophic

461. Main product of photosynthesis is_____________________?
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A. C6H12O6

B. C3H6O6

C. C12H24O12

D. C5H12O6

462. Soil water can be determined by_____________________?
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A. Mass water content

B. Macro pores

C. Both a & b

D. None of the above

463. The conductivity of a saturation extract is greater 4 dsm-1 an exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of less than 15 and the pH is usually less than 8.5 is called as__________________?
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A. Saline-sodic soils

B. Neutral soils

C. Saline soils

D. Sodic soils

464. Equation of Ozone is________________________?
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A. O2 O

B. None of the above

C. O3 + O

D. O2 + O =O3
465. A soil with an ESP greater than 15 is usually classified as___________________?
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A. Sodic soil

B. Saline soil

C. None of the above

D. Acidic soil

466. Which bacteria causes fermentation__________________?
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A. Bacillus

B. Corey

C. Azotobacter

D. Pseudomonas
467. Which soil bolds more water ?
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A. Sitry

B. Sandy

C. Clayey

D. Stony

468. Which one of the following is physical property of soil______________________?
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A. Oxidation

B. Reduction

C. None of the above

D. Hydration

469. Age of Earth is_____________________?
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A. 4 billion years

B. 4.5 billion years

C. 6 billion years

D. 1 billion years

470. Acid soils of the worlds arable comprise up to_____________________?
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A. 58%

B. 40%

C. 20%

D. 30%

471. The unit of electrical conductivity is____________________?
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A. mmhos/m

B. dsm-1

C. ms/cm

D. Al the above

472. Felsic rocks consists of___________________?
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A. fe

B. Buiotitic

C. Quartz

D. Quartz & Feldspars
473. Product of microorganism that appears to chelate calcium is called_____________________?
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A. Phospheric acid

B. Carbon dioxide

C. 2-ketoghconic acid

D. Pyruive acid

474. Auxins promote___________________?
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A. Cell elongation

B. Cell division

C. Both a & b

D. None of the above

475. pH in coniferous forest is__________________?
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A. Less than 7

B. Neutral

C. Greater than 7

D. Basis

476. Pneumatic potential is due to____________________?
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A. Petrol

B. Gas

C. Soil

D. Water

477. The net reaction of photosynthesis is_____________________?
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A. None of the above

B. CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 H2O+CO3

C. CO2 + H2O light O2 + (CH3O)

D. ((CH2O) + O2 CO2 + H2O)

478. Acid soil contain pH____________________?
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A. 8.5

B. >7

C. >7.0

D.
479. Cyclic salts are mostly of ______________________?
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A. None of the above

B. Cl

C. SO4

D. HCO<sub>3</sub>

480. International atomic weight of potassium is_________________?
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A. 41

B. 40

C. 38

D. 39.0
481. Mechanisms of material uptake by plants is by____________________?
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A. Diffusion

B. Mass flow

C. Root interception

D. Osmosis

482. Shrinking and swelling is property of__________________?
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A. Smecitie

B. Water

C. Silk

D. Clay

483. The particlesw density of a mineral soil is about____________________?
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A. 2550 Kg m-3

B. 2650 Kg m-3

C. 2750 Kg m-3

D. None of the above

484. hydrosphere refers to______________________?
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A. Zone of water

B. Zone of earth crust

C. Zone of atmosphere

D. Zone of air

485. Physical condition of soil for plant growth is called___________________?
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A. All the above

B. Granulation

C. Tilth

D. Tillage

486. The salinity can be reduced by the application of___________________?
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A. All the above

B. Urea

C. Lime

D. Sulphuric acid

487. Buffer solution is a solution which resist change in __________________ ?
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A. SAP

B. pH

C. EC

D. RSC

488. Chromium (Cr) is a____________________?
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A. Secondary element

B. Heavy metal

C. Free element

D. Macro element

489. Kaolinite can be identified by______________________?
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A. Boiling

B. Breaking

C. X-ray diffraction

D. Spectrophotometer

490. Examples of micro biota are____________________?
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A. Protozoa

B. Virus

C. Both a & b

D. None of the above

491. Permanente wilting point of clayey soils is not less than____________________?
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A. 10%

B. 20%

C. 15%

D. 5%

492. The problem of soil crosion Thal and Cholistan is predominantly due to___________________?
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A. Air

B. Wind

C. Water

D. All the above

493. Who characterized soil formation as set of 4 process______________________?
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A. Simonson

B. Jinney

C. Ziking

D. Newton

494. Plutonic rocks are also called____________________?
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A. Extrusive igneous rock

B. Sedimentary

C. Intrusive igneous

D. Metamorphic

495. Algal photosynthesis increases pH of water and releases___________________?
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A. O2

B. All the above

C. CO2

D. SO3

496. Identify the fertilizer (s) containing potassium____________________?
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A. All the above

B. MOP

C. Chilean salt peter

D. SOP

497. Color off basic matic rock is_____________________?
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A. Light green

B. Blue

C. Dark colored

D. Yellow

498. The formula used for calculating RSC is _____________________?
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A. None of the above

B. RSC=(CO32 + HCO2) ( Ca2 + Mg2)

C. non of these

D. RSC=(CO32 + HCO2) (Na + K + Ca2 + Mg2)

499. Which instrument is used for determining soil texture___________________?
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A. All the above

B. Thermometer

C. Hydrometer

D. Lysimeter

500. The safe limit of No2 in drinking water is_____________________?
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A. None of the above

B. 10 mg L-1

C. 20 mg L-1

D. 15 mg L-1