B. it opened up new opportunities for women to learn

C. it ended the Churchs role in the creation of books

D. it led to a sudden increase of women as scholars and authors

B. secular authorities said that virginity was an ethereal treasure, while religious doctrines said it was spendable

C. secular authorities said that virginity was unimportant, while the Church highly valued it

D. the Church said that virginity was unimportant, while the secular authorities highly valued it

A. The introduction to new poetic forms during the Norman invasion

B. A return to reading poetry from the 11th and 12th centuries

C. The influence of southern courtly poets writing in French and Latin

A. King Arthur

B. William the Conqueror

C. King Harold

A. Mystical literature prohibited women from writing in the voice of God.

B. Mystical literature ended the trend of poems in which God was cast as a lover.

D. Mystical literature suggested the continued link between paganism and Christianity.

A. The Second Shepherds Play

C. The Dream of the Rood

D. The Seafarer

B. the public disinterest in popular tales about romance

C. the increased interest in stories written in medieval Latin

D. the French lords lack of interest in tales of courtly love

A. it made them more valuable sources of information

C. it made them symbols of the Churchs progress

D. it made them more important since there were few literate lay worshipers

A. romance

C. medieval lay

D. courtly love

A. Mystery plays involve Christian themes, whereas morality plays do not.

C. Morality plays involve Christian themes, whereas mystery plays do not.

D. Mystery plays were written individually, whereas morality plays are in cycles.

A. Christine de Pizan

B. Andreas Capellanus

C. Catherine of Sienna

A. Pride causes one to appear immodest.

C. Pride is one of the deadly sins.

D. Hrothgar believes it is important to stay focused on revenge.

A. teachers

C. scribes

D. authors

B. affective piety

C. paradox

D. imagery

A. the rudder

B. the flail

C. the triptych

B. The strong alliteration creates rhythm that accentuates the adventurous spirit.

C. The line seems to frame a story with plot complications.

D. The line alludes to a poem with religious undertones.

A. Thecla

B. Margery Kempe

C. Catherine of Siena

A. she was more legally powerful than her husband

B. she was her husbands property, but could not be mistreated under law

C. she was considered equal to her husband

A. anchorites who lived in seclusion

B. women who were villains in stories of courtly love

D. educated women

A. The 8th century

B. The 3rd century

D. The 7th century

B. it increased the amount of printed material available to the masses

C. it created a more unrestricted circulation of texts

D. it improved communication between societies

B. estate satire

C. medieval allegory

D. medieval lays

A. a mode of communication used mainly after the rise of literacy

C. a method of communication used solely by the early Church

D. a method of communication that became prominent at the end of the Middle Ages

A. La Fresne

B. Bisclavert

C. Lanval

A. it assured him that her wife would never commit adultery

B. it assured him that his wife was not a sinner

C. it assured him that his wife would carry a dowry with her

A. a type of early literature produced solely by medieval women writers

C. a method of oral transmission

D. a type of literature concerned with the behavior of anchorites

B. They introduced iambic pentameter.

C. They introduced metaphor.

D. They introduced alliterative verse.

A. the idea that community is essential to salvation

B. the idea that God is separate from the human experience of love

C. the concept of dualism of body and soul

A. 10th and 11th centuries

B. 9th and 10th centuries

C. 8th and 9th centuries

A. The Romance of the Rose

B. Book of Hours

D. The Art of Courtly Love

A. The lack of guilds led to a decline in available civic services.

B. Landlords had growing problems with their tenants.

D. A modern social hierarchy developed.

A. A poem that is usually in octosyllabic couplets

B. A poem with courtly love as its central theme

C. A short lyrical poem

A. Bedes Ecclesiastical History

B. Chaucers The Canterbury Tales

C. Caedmons Hymn

A. An early form spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons

B. A form brought to England by the Scandinavians

D. A unique form of English spoken in Germany

A. The title suggests a long history of conflict between the government and the individual.

B. The title alludes to other plays in the same cycle.

D. The title suggests that faith-based issues are individual to each Christian.

A. The conversion of Britain from paganism

C. The early years of William the Conqueror

D. The life and poems of Caedmon

A. Metrical poetry simply got boring.

B. Alliterative poetry was much easier to write.

C. The stories of King Arthur made all English people nostalgic.

A. Episodic French and German poetry

B. Resemblance to an epic

C. Supernatural themes involving dragons and monsters

B. The court of Richard II

C. The military

D. The literary tradition

A. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle offers a lay persons perspective on Anglo-Saxon history.

C. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle focuses on the courtly adventures of Anglo-Saxon English.

D. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle presents an accurate description of the Second and Third Crusades.

A. Exile

C. Abandoned mead-halls

D. Loneliness

B. Chaucer and Langland wrote in different dialects.

C. Most of Chaucers poetry was for a secular court audience, whereas Langlands was didactic, teaching a moral lesson.

D. Langland wrote only about aristocratic characters that were similar to Arthurian legends, whereas Chaucer wrote about lower social classes.

B. Wyrd suggests the idea of fate.

C. Wyrd has to do with reparational payments exacted from people guilty of homicide.

D. Wyrd is related to the folly of earthly possessions.

A. Latin became a common language for interaction between the two groups.

B. The conquered English quickly studied French.

D. The French conquerors learned English in order to be able to govern well.

A. Anchoresses should avoid gossip.

C. Anchoresses should avoid men.

D. Anchoresses should live in a dwelling attached to a church.

B. The contrast between vulgar love and courtly love

C. The misdirected kiss

D. The misuse of scripture

A. The mock epic

B. The heroic epic

C. The lyric ballad

B. The Church moved away from using Latin.

C. England returned to its pre-feudal state.

D. The trend of educational reforms was reversed.

A. King Alfred wanted all educated people to speak French.

C. Many English nobles preferred French because of the cultures superior poetry.

D. Edward the Confessors wife was French, and she had great influence at court.

A. The history of Christianity before it reached Britain

C. The life of everyday people in the 5th and 6th centuries

D. The spread of Christianity after the Norman Conquest