6052. What is an anchoress ?
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A. a woman who rejects the support of the community because she feels it is sexist

B. a religious teacher in the medieval era

C. a male anchorite

D. a medieval female hermit
6053. In the context of Medieval literature, what does the term mystical marriage mean ?
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A. it is a spiritual union with God

B. it is a union between anchorites

C. it is a union supported by the Church

D. it is a mystical union between two people

6054. Which is/are typical of the supernatural in medieval romance ?
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A. spells

B. enchantment

C. All of the Above

D. fairy trickery

6055. What does the term monasticism mean ?
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A. Non of these

B. it describes the importance of communication with others in order to reach salvation

C. it describes a form of worship based on praying to devotional art

D. it describes a way of life that became popular after the Middle Ages

6056. Why did Catherine of Siena refuse to marry a husband ?
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A. she wanted to make a political statement against the Church

B. she was concerned about loss of property

C. she claimed she was already married to God

D. she said that the institution was too flawed

6057. Which is the best example of the double standard that exists in tales of courtly love ?
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A. men are represented as immoral while women are always presented as chaste

B. men are allowed to boast about their affairs, while women must keep them secret

C. women are always villains, while men are always heroes

D. women are always involved in supernatural plots while mens storylines tend to be more realistic

6058. In the context of Medieval literature, what does outer rule mean ?
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A. it refers to anchoress everyday behavior

B. it includes issues that pertain to the heart

C. it is part of the anchoress inner self

D. it is the most important part of Ancrene Wisse

6059. How did lay literacy affect traditional devotional practices ?
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A. people stopped reading the Bible

B. interest in the Church history declined rapidly

C. people could be religious without the help of a clergy

D. people increasingly turned to visual art in order to learn about religion

6060. How do the themes of Marie de Frances Lanval and Chretien de Troyes Yvain compare ?
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A. Both use the comitatus ethic to explain their heros motivations.

B. Both include references toWilliam the Conqueror.

C. Both include the theme of broken promises between lovers.

D. Both feature mentions of the conversion from paganism.

6061. What is the authorship controversy as it relates to Heloise and Abelard ?
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A. the issue of whether there is a female voice in the letters

B. the idea that Abelard wrote all of the letters

C. All of the Above

D. the critical debate about the verification of events in the letters

6062. In the Middle Ages, how did society treat prostitution ?
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A. All of the Above

B. prostitution was considered problematic but legal

C. prostitution was considered a solution to epidemics of rape

D. the Church opposed prostitution on moral grounds

6063. Which event(s) characterized the Middle Ages ?
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A. All of the Above

B. falling birth rates

C. financial deficits from increased military expenditures

D. invasions from barbarian tribes

6064. In the context of Medieval literature, what does inner rule mean ?
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A. it is part of the anchoress inner self

B. All of the Above

C. it is the most important part of Ancrene Wisse

D. it includes issues that pertain to the heart

6065. Between which movements do historians situate literature in the Middle Ages ?
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A. Roman departure and the Renaissance

B. Romanticism and the Enlightenment

C. English Reformation and Elizabethan Age

D. Civil war and the Restoration

6066. Identify the speaker of these lines: sweet Jesus, Jesus love ?
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A. Julian of Norwich

B. Margery Kempe

C. Catherine of Siena

D. Christine de Pizan

6067. To whom were The Lais of Marie de France dedicated ?
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A. King Alfred

B. King Richard

C. King Arthur

D. King Henry
6069. How was Christine de Pizan a unique female writer for her time ?
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A. she was the only woman to work in the oral tradition

B. she wrote in order to support herself

C. she was the first female mystic

D. she was the only woman to write medieval lays

6070. What is scholasticism as it relates to the medieval era ?
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A. All of the Above

B. a period of educational activity

C. a period in which philosophers attempted to reconcile philosophy with religion

D. a period associated with the Carolingian Renaissance

6071. Which are examples of devotional acts ?
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A. charitable donations

B. All of the Above

C. pilgrimages

D. prayers on the sinners behalf

6072. Which of the following characterized court life in the Middle Ages ?
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A. All of the Above

B. recitations by poets

C. games

D. knightly tournaments

6073. How did the fall of Roman imperialism affect Britain ?
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A. All of the Above

B. it led to the end of Roman forms of governing

C. it led to the rise of Germanic cultures

D. it created a conflict Christianity and paganism

6074. How did the development of nation-states in the late Middle Ages affect women ?
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A. they took on more important roles in the economy

B. they lost much of their political and economic power

C. they were able to acquire more political capital

D. they lost the ability to be anchoresses

6075. In the Medieval era, women most commonly worked as ______________?
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A. spinners

B. All of the Above

C. retailers

D. domestic servants

6076. When did the Norman Invasion take place ?
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A. 12th century

B. 11th century

C. 9th century

D. 10th century

6077. Which text(s) is/are associated with mysticism ?
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A. The Romance of the Rose

B. Book of Hours

C. The Canterbury Tales

D. Revelations of Divine Love
6078. Which is/are a theme(s) of The Acts of Thecla ?
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A. female literacy

B. peasant life

C. praise of chastity

D. courtly love

6079. What is affective piety ?
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A. a literary device used in estates satire

B. a term associated with oral transmission

C. an important trait of the medieval lay

D. a dramatic demonstration of faith
6080. Which of the following is not a theme in Chretien de Troyes Yvain, le Chevalier au Lion ?
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A. The conduct of wars and tournaments

B. The knights lack of loyalty to his lord

C. The relationships between knights and ladies

D. The feudal system

6081. Which of the following is an example of female hagiography ?
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A. Revelations of Divine Love

B. Acts of Thecla

C. Orison to an Almighty God

D. The Wooing of Our Lord

6082. Which best summarizes Christine de Pizans reaction to The Romance of the Rose ?
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A. she applauded its promotion of female education

B. she objected to the treatment of secularism as evil

C. she praised the objectification of women

D. she attacked it as misogynistic
6083. Which writer(s) is/are associated with mysticism ?
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A. Walter Hilton

B. Richard Rolle

C. All of the Above

D. Julian of Norwich

6084. Who were lay mystics ?
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A. people who attempted to contact God without the intervention of an established religious order

B. people who reject asceticism and contemplation

C. people who were formally tied to religious orders

D. people who attempt to found their own religious orders

6085. Who were the troubadours ?
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A. men who wrote only in the mystical tradition

B. heretics persecuted by the Church

C. the authors of conduct books

D. poets from France and Italy
6086. Which of the following characterize(s) a lay ?
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A. All of the Above

B. geographical unity

C. octosyllabic couplets

D. episodic content

6087. Which of the following is not an example of a lai ?
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A. Sir Launfal

B. Chaucers The Wife of Bath

C. Chaucers Franklins Tale

D. Norwichs Revelations of Divine Love
6088. Which of the following is an alternative name for the Middle Ages ?
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A. Platonic Period

B. Dark Ages

C. Age of Reason

D. Age of Enlightenment

6090. Which of these female writers is most closely associated with tears ?
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A. Catherine de Pizan

B. Catherine of Siena

C. Margery Kempe

D. Julian of Norwich

6091. What is hagiography ?
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A. the writing and studying of saints lives

B. a term associated with oral transmission

C. the literary form linked closely with courtly love

D. a method of creating a mystical union

6092. What were conduct books ?
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A. books that conformed with strict standards of behavior

B. books that recounted historical events in the medieval era

C. books that established standards of behavior for women

D. books that were primarily intended to teach men how to treat their wives

6093. What is a lay in medieval literature ?
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A. a short lyrical poem

B. a type of book of hours

C. a story of a saints life

D. a devotional text used by anchoresses

6094. Which of the following typify the oralformulaic ?
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A. The use of epithets with characters names

B. An episodic structure

C. The repetition of words

D. All of the Above
6095. Why do most critics also refer to the Middle Ages as the Dark Ages ?
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A. there are few primary sources that reconstruct the history of the time

B. the lack of technology made it literally dark

C. the production of historical records increased

D. it was a period of surging Roman institutions

6096. In The Book of the City of Ladies, what is the function of the character Reason ?
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A. she helps the narrator see the merits of women

B. she offers real reasons as to why women are valuable to society

C. All of the Above

D. she literally helps build the city

6097. How did courtly literature characterize its heroines ?
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A. they were examples of mystical unions

B. they were sources of inspiration for heroic action

C. they always represented the evil side of love

D. they were never chaste or pious

6098. Why is the concept of feudalism important in medieval literature ?
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A. Feudalism represents interesting family quarrels that make for good stories.

B. Feudalism represents an economic hierarchy, the upper levels of which created and consumed literature.

C. Feudalism represents the world ofscholars who studied the ancient texts of the past.

D. The feudal world is one of glamor and beauty.

6099. Which topic(s) is/are explored in The Lais of Marie de France ?
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A. superstition

B. jealous fathers

C. All of the Above

D. adultery

6100. The Book of the City of Ladies articulates which of the following themes________________?
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A. the merit of women

B. the value of practical virtues over traditional feminine virtues

C. the lack of truth in mens stereotypes about women

D. All of the Above