Which court is expressly bound by qualifying decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court under Article 189?

A. Only District Courts

B. The Supreme Court

C. Only Provincial Service Tribunals

D. No other court

Explanation

Article 189(1) makes a Federal Constitutional Court decision binding on every other court in Pakistan, including the Supreme Court, to the extent that it decides a question of law or states or applies a principle of law.

Source

Pakistan Code — Constitution of Pakistan (Twenty-Seventh Amendment incorporated)

Answer verified on 2026-10-27

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