A. teachers

C. scribes

D. authors

B. affective piety

C. paradox

D. imagery

A. the rudder

B. the flail

C. the triptych

B. The strong alliteration creates rhythm that accentuates the adventurous spirit.

C. The line seems to frame a story with plot complications.

D. The line alludes to a poem with religious undertones.

A. Thecla

B. Margery Kempe

C. Catherine of Siena

A. she was more legally powerful than her husband

B. she was her husbands property, but could not be mistreated under law

C. she was considered equal to her husband

A. anchorites who lived in seclusion

B. women who were villains in stories of courtly love

D. educated women

A. The 8th century

B. The 3rd century

D. The 7th century

B. it increased the amount of printed material available to the masses

C. it created a more unrestricted circulation of texts

D. it improved communication between societies

B. estate satire

C. medieval allegory

D. medieval lays

A. a mode of communication used mainly after the rise of literacy

C. a method of communication used solely by the early Church

D. a method of communication that became prominent at the end of the Middle Ages

A. La Fresne

B. Bisclavert

C. Lanval

A. it assured him that her wife would never commit adultery

B. it assured him that his wife was not a sinner

C. it assured him that his wife would carry a dowry with her

A. a type of early literature produced solely by medieval women writers

C. a method of oral transmission

D. a type of literature concerned with the behavior of anchorites

B. They introduced iambic pentameter.

C. They introduced metaphor.

D. They introduced alliterative verse.

A. the idea that community is essential to salvation

B. the idea that God is separate from the human experience of love

C. the concept of dualism of body and soul

A. 10th and 11th centuries

B. 9th and 10th centuries

C. 8th and 9th centuries

A. The Romance of the Rose

B. Book of Hours

D. The Art of Courtly Love

A. The lack of guilds led to a decline in available civic services.

B. Landlords had growing problems with their tenants.

D. A modern social hierarchy developed.

A. A poem that is usually in octosyllabic couplets

B. A poem with courtly love as its central theme

C. A short lyrical poem

A. Bedes Ecclesiastical History

B. Chaucers The Canterbury Tales

C. Caedmons Hymn

A. An early form spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons

B. A form brought to England by the Scandinavians

D. A unique form of English spoken in Germany

A. The title suggests a long history of conflict between the government and the individual.

B. The title alludes to other plays in the same cycle.

D. The title suggests that faith-based issues are individual to each Christian.

A. The conversion of Britain from paganism

C. The early years of William the Conqueror

D. The life and poems of Caedmon

A. Metrical poetry simply got boring.

B. Alliterative poetry was much easier to write.

C. The stories of King Arthur made all English people nostalgic.

A. Episodic French and German poetry

B. Resemblance to an epic

C. Supernatural themes involving dragons and monsters

B. The court of Richard II

C. The military

D. The literary tradition

A. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle offers a lay persons perspective on Anglo-Saxon history.

C. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle focuses on the courtly adventures of Anglo-Saxon English.

D. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle presents an accurate description of the Second and Third Crusades.

A. Exile

C. Abandoned mead-halls

D. Loneliness

B. Chaucer and Langland wrote in different dialects.

C. Most of Chaucers poetry was for a secular court audience, whereas Langlands was didactic, teaching a moral lesson.

D. Langland wrote only about aristocratic characters that were similar to Arthurian legends, whereas Chaucer wrote about lower social classes.

B. Wyrd suggests the idea of fate.

C. Wyrd has to do with reparational payments exacted from people guilty of homicide.

D. Wyrd is related to the folly of earthly possessions.

A. Latin became a common language for interaction between the two groups.

B. The conquered English quickly studied French.

D. The French conquerors learned English in order to be able to govern well.

A. Anchoresses should avoid gossip.

C. Anchoresses should avoid men.

D. Anchoresses should live in a dwelling attached to a church.

B. The contrast between vulgar love and courtly love

C. The misdirected kiss

D. The misuse of scripture

A. The mock epic

B. The heroic epic

C. The lyric ballad

B. The Church moved away from using Latin.

C. England returned to its pre-feudal state.

D. The trend of educational reforms was reversed.

A. King Alfred wanted all educated people to speak French.

C. Many English nobles preferred French because of the cultures superior poetry.

D. Edward the Confessors wife was French, and she had great influence at court.

A. The history of Christianity before it reached Britain

C. The life of everyday people in the 5th and 6th centuries

D. The spread of Christianity after the Norman Conquest

A. Sir Thomas Malorys Morte Darthur

B. Geoffrey of Monmouths Historia Regum Britanniae

D. Marie de Frances Lanval

A. The Norman Conquest increased the French influence.

B. The Norman Conquest marked the last attempt for a Scandinavian nation to overtake England.

C. The Norman Conquest ended cultural interaction with Norway and Denmark.

A. The Dream of the Rood

B. The Wanderer

D. The Seafarer

B. The Dream of the Rood

C. The Wife of Baths Tale

D. The Knights Tale

A. unrequited love for John of Gaunt.

B. drowning in the Thames.

D. childbirth.

B. Monasticism

C. Guildhouses

D. Feudalism

A. The ability to attract fellow warriors was a necessary attribute of power.

B. It was necessary for kings to fight in order to keep their power.

D. Kings often used generous gifts to recruit their followers.

B. Donations made to the monastery

C. Time spent in prayer

D. Faith

A. Caedmons Hymn

B. The Canterbury Tales

D. The Dream of the Rood

A. The prioress

C. The plowman

D. The knight

A. Chaucer wrote no direct descriptions.

C. Priests died in great numbers.

D. Rent prices increased because of the market boom.

A. Dactylic pentameter

B. Heroic couplets

D. Clerihew