economics Mcqs
1. the national economy2. profit maximizing under perfect competition and monopoly3. application of economics4. the aggregate demand aggregate supply model5. surplus6. money interest rates and output7. average and total cost8. stabilization adjustment reform and privatization9. risks and diversification efficient market hypothesis10. the phillips curve11. supply and demand12. capital formation investment choice information technology and technical progress13. aggregate supply unemployment and inflation14. elasticity15. comparative gdp16. roots of modern macroeconomics17. production factors18. poverty malnutrition and income inequality19. trade regulations and industrial policies20. monetary union21. exchange rate systems and currency crises22. economic development in historical perspective23. exchange rate determination24. monopoly competition25. the balance of payments26. inflation productivity27. macroeconomic issues and analysis28. employment migration and urbanization29. macroeconomic policy tools30. supply side policies31. exchange rate adjustments and the balance of32. miscellaneous33. taxation34. trade policies for the developing nations35. markets efficiency and the public interest36. the external debt and financial crises37. budget deficits and the trade balance38. alternative theories of the firm39. public goods40. the meaning and measurement of economic development41. characteristics and institutions of developing countries42. agriculture irrigation system of pakistan43. education health and human capital44. economic problems of developing countries45. theories of economic development46. basic of economics47. consumer theory vs real consumers48. applied microeconomics49. long term economic growth50. externality internality51. fiscal and monetary policy52. prices wages taxes53. balance of payments aid and foreign investment54. international factor movements and multinational corporations55. entrepreneurship organization and innovation56. the international economy and globalization57. population and development58. non tariff trade barriers59. foundations of modern trade theory60. global economic development61. market62. rural poverty and agricultural transformation63. regional trading arrangements64. foreign exchange65. introduction to economics66. world economy miscellaneous67. sources of comparative advantage68. natural resources and the environment toward sustainable development69. monopoly70. asymmetric information71. income inequality72. labour market73. tariffs74. development planning and policy making the state and the market75. oligopoly76. industrial development77. costs supply and perfect competition78. human capital79. monetary fiscal and incomes policy and inflation80. stocks
3751. Which is NOT an element of social structure ?
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A. Concepts

B. Statuses

C. Roles

D. Norms

3752. The myth complex functions to_________________?
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A. give legitimate authority to the government in power

B. secure that will of the people

C. make people feel free

D. fool the people some of the time

3753. In the present national power is based on________________?
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A. location and population

B. specific combinations of attributes

C. size and resources

D. political ideology and wealth

3754. The ability of one individual or group to control the actions of another individual or group without the latters consent is a definition of____________?
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A. violence

B. coercion

C. power

D. force

3755. A medical model of deviance assumes that it is caused by_________________?
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A. mental defects

B. illness

C. abnormality

D. all of the above
3756. Which of the following acts does NOT constitute a crime if committed by an adult ?
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A. Truancy

B. Copyright infringement

C. illegal drug use

D. Prostitution

3757. The Superego of Freud,s theory is similar to Mead,s ?
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A. me

B. libido

C. generalized other

D. l

3758. Daniel Bell has called the newly emerging from of society ?
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A. informational

B. post-subsistence

C. postindustrial

D. technological

3759. The social science that deals with human use of the natural environment is______________?
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A. chemistry

B. geography

C. physiology

D. genetics

3760. Biological explanations of deviance________________?
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A. are strongly supported scientifically

B. explain all types of deviance

C. agree on the causes of deviance

D. were popular during the first half of the 20th century
3761. The microelements of societies are made up of_____________?
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A. problems of cement roads

B. processes of social interaction

C. none of the above

D. diseases that harm societies

3762. According to criminologists_______________?
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A. the death penalty is a sing of an uncivilized society

B. it is preferable to judge each criminal case individually

C. the death penalty does act as a deterrent

D. the death penalty does not act as a deterrent
3763. If the daughter of a factory worker wants to become the president of the company for which her father works we may assume that______________?
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A. the daughter likes to daydream

B. she has a different reference group than her social class would indicate

C. she has been reading too many yuppie biographies

D. her father has special connections to the boss

3764. When a state experiences a foreign policy crisis_______________?
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A. the United Nations is contacted

B. the Chief State makes all final decisions

C. both general and administrative personnel are involved

D. Henry Kissinger is contacted

3765. The attitude of some Americans toward the minorities in their midst shows_______________?
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A. the importance of culture

B. cultural relativity

C. culture shock

D. cultural superiority

3766. Critiques of bureaucratic forms of business administration argue that_____________?
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A. explicit standards of quality control must be imposed by management

B. employees are given too much discretion

C. small organization inevitably become bureaucracies

D. vertical hierarchies of power are too sluggish
3767. The research method in which the researcher controls one variable and observes and records the results is called_____________?
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A. case study

B. observation

C. social research

D. experiment
3768. Culture is based on______________?
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A. learning thorough symbols

B. genetic heredity

C. simple learning only

D. instinct

3769. Types of survey data include_______________?
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A. naires

B. all of the above

C. personal interviews

D. previously gathered statistical information

3770. Human beings are born into a social world that is_______________?
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A. the result of cultural development over previous generation

B. newly created in each generation

C. totally beyond their control

D. not of their own making

3771. Successful socialization for humans requires_______________?
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A. the existence of schools or the media

B. contact with other humans

C. the absence of others

D. genes alone

3772. Determining that a particular act is deviant may depend on______________?
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A. the social status of those judging the act

B. all of the above

C. the place time and circumstances

D. the social status of the person committing the act

3773. Language gestures and music are________________?
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A. human values

B. symbol systems

C. cultural traits

D. normative systems

3774. Scientific research relates to________________?
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A. relationships among variables

B. controlled inquiry

C. consideration of independent and dependent variables

D. all of the above
3775. Congestion pollution urban decay and similar side effects of the market system are termed_____________?
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A. internalities

B. tangentials

C. externalities

D. negatives

3776. Gestalt psychology looks at__________________?
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A. physical appearance

B. separate items of personality

C. instincts

D. behavior as whole
3777. Aggregate demand is defined as_________________?
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A. none of the above

B. one persons demand for goods and services

C. the total demand in a society or on a world level for goods and services

D. the lack of demand for goods and services

3778. Americans proclaim the need for honesty but cheat on their tax returns This situation indicates that_____________?
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A. Americans often follow a covert culture in actual behavior

B. the overt culture is consistent

C. there is no covert culture in the United States

D. people are only human

3779. A secondary group is characterized by_________________?
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A. formal interaction

B. daily contact

C. intimacy

D. small size

3780. People often accept social control based on________________?
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A. violence

B. harsh rules

C. positive sanctions

D. negative sanctions

3781. The exchange system is based on_______________?
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A. goods and service

B. government reaction

C. lack of labor

D. supply and demand
3782. Fascism_______________?
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A. distrusts reason

B. appeals to intellectuals

C. stresses a belief in human equality

D. refuses violence

3783. ideologies tend to arise during periods of_____________?
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A. crisis

B. natural disasters

C. prosperity

D. conversations among intellectuals

3784. Which of the following is an example of a culture trait ?
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A. the family

B. marriage

C. wedding rings

D. BOTH rings and exchanging wedding vows
3785. A professional trained in a narrow abstract field is a________________?
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A. vice president

B. foreman

C. bureaucrat

D. specialist
3786. Deviant individuals______________?
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A. set examples for others thus reaffirming existing norms

B. prevent social change from occurring

C. hinder group cohesion by disrupting stability

D. are invented by society to promote group cohesion

3787. Traditional autocracy has been replaced by________________?
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A. tyranny

B. democracy

C. egalitarianism

D. authoritarian or totalitarian ideologies
3788. Recent research supports the notion that mother-infant bonding_______________?
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A. depends on how wanted the infant is

B. has a cultural basis

C. none of the above

D. has a biological basis
3789. The writers of the Constitution intended the president to have________________?
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A. strong personal power

B. no power at all

C. power only in declaring war

D. weak personal power
3790. Social ranking is based on________________?
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A. all of the above

B. age

C. sex

D. wealth

3791. The theory speculating that every society develops a number of cultural goals for members to attain but that attainment is not possible for all is called the_____________?
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A. anomie theory

B. differential association theory

C. deviant personality theory

D. focal concerns theory

3792. The objective approach to determine social class membership is based on________________?
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A. income

B. years of education

C. prestigious position

D. all of the above
3793. In the United States an example of a taboo is_______________?
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A. gambling

B. making money

C. climbing Mt Rushmore

D. marrying sister
3794. Organization differ from institutions in that________________?
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A. all of the above

B. one cannot join an institution

C. only a few organizations last long enough to become institutions

D. institutions are organizations in which people no longer discuss the basis of the rules

3795. Political scientist Morgenthau and the realist school believe that foreign policy is based on_______________?
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A. what is best for the people of a nation

B. exercise of power

C. morality

D. rights of humanity

3796. Children have taken on the role of the generalized other when______________?
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A. they are consciously socialized

B. they start school

C. most of the important norms have been internalized

D. they have learned to speak

3797. The cognitive component of culture__________________?
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A. includes knowledge beliefs and technology

B. is part of material culture

C. consists of values and morals

D. is made up of rules for behavior

3798. Bureaucracy and extensive social differentiation initially occur in the historical transition from_____________?
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A. pastoral to horticultural society

B. horticultural to agricultural society

C. hunting and gathering to pastoral society

D. agricultural to industrial society

3799. The opposite of a variable is a______________?
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A. concept

B. constant

C. law

D. value

3800. The human social process most important for social interaction is_______________?
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A. cooperation

B. conflict

C. none of the above

D. competition