4701. A demand curve shifts because of change is_____________________?
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A. Incomes

B. Number of buyers in market

C. All of these

D. Consumer tastes

4702. A debit which monitory value, an amount awed by a firm or an individual___________________?
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A. Liability

B. Logrolling

C. Lockout

D. None

4703. A barrier to the attainment of a set target in a particular period of time?
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A. Economic integration

B. Economic constraint

C. None

D. Economic inefficient
4704. The principle that if one factor of production is fixed and constant addition of other factors are combined with it, the marginal productivity of variable factors will eventually decline ?
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A. None

B. Diminishing returns

C. Both

D. Marginal returns

4705. The intersection of the supply curve and demand curve indicates ?
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A. Market condition

B. Market equilibrium

C. Market demand

D. None

4706. An essentially risk free, long term interest rate which is free of the influence of market imperfections?
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A. None

B. Economic rate of interest

C. Nominal rate of interest

D. Pure rate of interest
4707. Loans not passed through formal banking system e.g. family loans?
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A. Informal finance

B. Long term loans

C. Med term loans

D. Formal finance

4708. Group of LDC debtors who join together to bargain as a group with creditors?
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A. Economic union

B. Debtors commune

C. None

D. Debtors cartel

4709. An economic plan that sets targets to cover all the major sectors of the national economy?
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A. Centralized plan

B. None

C. Commune

D. Comprehensive plan
4710. The core value of development is________________?
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A. Sustenance

B. Freedom

C. All

D. Self esteem

4711. The study process by which a productive capacity of the economy is increased over time to bring about raising levels of national output and income?
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A. Development

B. Economic growth

C. Economic integration

D. All

4712. Any resource whose quantity can not be changed by a firm in the short run_______________?
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A. Economic resource

B. Variable resource

C. Available resource

D. Fixed resource
4713. Increase in the price level at a rate greater than expected ?
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A. Stagflation

B. Deflation

C. Dearness

D. Unanticipated
4714. Proportion of school aged children who dont complete a particular school cycle ?
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A. All

B. IIIiteracy rate

C. Dropout rate

D. Children un education rate

4715. Total amount of income necessary to raise everyone who is below the poverty line up to that line ?
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A. Poverty gap

B. Subsistence income

C. Absolutely poverty

D. None

4716. A term used by ILO to describe the basic goods and services necessary for a minimum standard of living ?
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A. Basic needs

B. Gini co-efficient

C. Poverty line

D. None

4717. All seem fully employed but in reality much of their time is spent in unproductive activities?
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A. Disguised underemployment

B. None

C. Underemployment

D. Closed underemployment

4718. Productive investments embodied in human persons?
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A. Fixed capital

B. Human capital

C. Both A and B

D. non of these

4719. Index measuring deprivation in basic human development in a country ?
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A. None

B. Human deprivation index

C. Human poverty index

D. Human development index

4720. The monitory income a firm sacrifices when it uses a resource it rosins rather than supplying the resource in the market ?
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A. Economic cost

B. Implicit cost

C. Explicit cost

D. Nominal cost

4721. The emigration of highly skilled and educated professionals and technical man power from developing to developed countries?
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A. Capital flight

B. Immigration

C. All

D. Brain Drain
4722. Determinant of supply is__________________?
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A. All

B. Resource price

C. Taxes a subsidies

D. Techniques of production

4723. Any financial institution that serves to channel loan able funds savers to borrowers?
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A. Both

B. IMF

C. Financial intermediary

D. None

4724. The part of the urban economy of LDCs characterized by small competitive individual or family firms, labour intensive methods, free entry and market determined factor and product prices?
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A. Informal sector

B. Informal finance

C. Formal sector

D. Formal finance

4725. Rural based population in developed countries___________________?
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A. 35%

B. 27 %

C. 50%

D. 42%

4726. A course of action indented to correct or avoid a problem_________________?
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A. Economic policy

B. Economic principle

C. Economic rationale

D. Economic phenomena

4727. Aggregate inequality measures that can vary anywhere from O (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality) are given by________________?
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A. None

B. Rostows model

C. Lewis theory

D. Gini co-efficient
4728. International resources shared by all countries e.g ocean, air etc?
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A. Global environment facility

B. Global commons

C. None

D. Global reserves

4729. Nonproductive members of society are referred to as___________________?
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A. None of these

B. Society wastes

C. Society burden

D. Economic dependency burden
4730. Rates of open unemployment in developing world average ?
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A. 20-40%

B. 35-45%

C. 40-60%

D. 8-15%
4731. All international changes in ownership of merchandise passing across the customs borders of trading countries?
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A. Merchandise imports and exports

B. International trade laws

C. Merchandise trade balance

D. Trade barriers

4732. Building of new factories in particular nation by corporations of other nations ?
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A. Economies of scale

B. Profit maximization rule

C. Discrimination

D. Direct foreign investment
4733. A federal budget deficit caused by a recession and a consequent decline in tax revenues ?
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A. Annual deficit

B. Anticipated deficit

C. None

D. Cyclical deficit
4734. The sum of interest payments and repayment of principal on external public and public ally guarantee debt?
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A. Debt renegotiation

B. Debt repudiation

C. Debt service

D. Debt rescheduling

4735. Situation in which govt. intervention in an economy worsens outcomes__________________?
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A. Govt. failure

B. Govt. inefficiency

C. Market perfection

D. None

4736. In LDC children under age of 15 years are ___________% of the total population?
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A. 50%

B. 80%

C. None

D. 40 %
4737. Sum total of currency in circulation plus commercial bank demand deposits and sometimes savings bank time deposits?
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A. None

B. Money lender

C. National income

D. Money supply

4738. The rate of exchange of one nations currency for another nations currency?
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A. Exchange rate determinant

B. None of these

C. Exchange rate appreciation

D. Exchange rate depreciation

4739. A summary statement of a nations financial transactions with the outside world ?
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A. Balance of payments

B. Trade off

C. Both a and b

D. None

4740. Noble prize of Economics in 1979 was awarded to________________?
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A. W. Arthur Lewis

B. Theodore Schultz

C. Both a and b

D. None

4741. A countrys potential for economic growth is greatly influenced by its endowments of__________________?
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A. Physical resources

B. Human resources

C. Both a and b

D. None of these

4742. A market situation in which a product that does not have close substitutes is being produced and sold by a single seller?
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A. Perfect competition

B. Oligopoly

C. None

D. Monopoly

4743. Major financial institution responsible for issuing currency, managing foreign reserves implementing monetary policy and providing banking service to the govt. and commercial banks ?
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A. Central Bank

B. None

C. Both

D. State Bank
4744. Transfer of funds to a foreign country by a local citizen by business ?
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A. Dumping

B. Anti dumping

C. Brain

D. Capital flight
4745. A type of unemployment used by workers voluntarily changing jobs and by temporary layoffs; unemployment workers between jobs?
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A. Frictional employment

B. None of these

C. Temporary unemployment

D. Underemployment

4746. An industry in which economics profits are negative and which will, therefore, decrease its output as firms leave it ?
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A. Declining industry

B. None of these

C. Increasing cost industry

D. Decreasing cost industry

4747. The use of foreign currency as a medium of exchange in place of or long with the local currency e.g. (Mdexican Pesos)___________________?
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A. None

B. Partial substitution

C. Currency devaluation

D. Currency substitution

4748. Economic model describing growth of the economy on one or at most a few sectors and variables?
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A. Functional growth model

B. Aggregate growth model

C. None

D. Formal growth model

4749. Insects have_________________?
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A. 20 segments

B. 12 segments

C. 11 segments

D. None

4750. The beneficial relationship between two organisms living together is called__________________?
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A. Common salism

B. Osmosis

C. None of the above

D. Symbiosis