2801. Fossils are found in which type of rock:
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A. Sedimentary rock

B. Metamorphic rock

C. Stratified rock

D. Both A & C
2802. The seed of sunflower is called_________?
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A. Samara

B. Phyxis

C. Achene

D. Caryopsis

2803. Erysiphe caused the _________ disease?
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A. Late blight of potato

B. Covered smut

C. Powdery mildews

D. Downy mildews

2804. The force with which the particles of same body are held together is called_______________?
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A. Cohesion

B. Adhesion

C. Surface tension

D. All are correct

2805. How many type of soil colloids?
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A. 6

B. 4

C. 5

D. 2
2806. An illustration of an organic material is__________?
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A. Perlite

B. Leaf mold

C. Pea gravel

D. Vermiculite

2807. What is viticulture?
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A. Cultivation of spices

B. Cultivation of grapes

C. Growing tobacco

D. Growing small plants

2808. The horizontal flow of water in irrigation channel or canal leading to water loss is called as:_________?
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A. All of these

B. Percolation

C. Seepage

D. Infiltration

2809. Self-incompatibility is controlled by_________?
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A. Multiple alleles

B. Polygenes

C. Plasmogenes

D. Both B and C

2810. Which one is a non-convential oil seed crop?
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A. Gingelley

B. None of the above

C. Safflower

D. Ground nut

2811. During storing food grains, what is the optimum level of moisture?
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A. No moisture level required

B. < 5%

C. < 2%

D. < 12 %
2812. A mature ovule is known as _________?
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A. Fruit

B. Seed

C. Ovary

D. Endosperm

2813. What happens when an saline-alkaline soil is reached with water:
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A. pH decrease, Ec increase

B. pH & Ec both increase

C. pH increase & Ec decrease

D. None of these

2814. Extrusive rocks are also called as ___________ in which the grain or crystalline structure is too fine to be seen by the unaided eye?
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A. Volcanic Rock

B. Igneous Rock

C. Aphantic Rock

D. Both A & B

2815. Any material such as straw, sawdust, leaves, plastic films, & loose soil that is spread upon the surface of the soil to protect the soil & plant roots from the effects of raindrops, soil crusting, freezing or evaporation:
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A. Mycorrhizae

B. Mulch

C. Muck

D. Mull

2816. World Agriculture Day is celebrated on:__________?
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A. 11th June

B. 22nd April

C. None of the above

D. 12th May

2817. The capacity of a soil to function on sustained basis promoting plant and animal health:
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A. Soil Pollution

B. Soil Salinity

C. Soil Quality

D. None of these

2818. Gurdaspur borer is a pest of_________?
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A. Sugarcane

B. Wheat

C. Cotton

D. Rice

2819. The clay fraction of the soil contains particles less than 0.002 mm. Particles <0.001 mm size:
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A. Soil Silt

B. Soil loam

C. Soil colloids

D. Soil sand

2820. How much annual rain fall is in sargodha?
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A. 550 mm

B. 400 mm

C. 500 mm

D. 450 mm

2821. Nutritive elements needed in large quantities to ensure normal plant development:
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A. N, P, K

B. S, Mg, Ca, Fe

C. Both a & b

D. None of a & b

2822. Which is the correct sequence of soil erosion by water:
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A. None of these

B. Sheet-Rill-Gully

C. Gully-Sheet-Rill

D. Rill-Sheet-Gully

2823. Soils are also contaminated by a number of inorganic compounds which are also high toxic to human & other animals & are extremely poisonous may include:
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A. Arsenic & Cadmium

B. Mercury & chromium

C. Calcium & Magnesium

D. Both A & B
2824. The coprophilic fungi inhabit:
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A. Decaying leaves

B. Deadwood

C. Dung substratum (herbivore feces)

D. Food articles

2825. Nutritive elements needed in large quantities to ensure normal plant development:
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A. N, P, K

B. S, Mg, Ca, Fe

C. Both a & b

D. None of a & b

2826. Which is the main cause of desertification?
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A. None of the above

B. Accelerated activities

C. Over grazing

D. Dry farming agriculture

2827. Soils are also contaminated by a number of inorganic compounds which are also high toxic to human & other animals & are extremely poisonous may include:
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A. Arsenic & Cadmium

B. Mercury & chromium

C. Calcium & Magnesium

D. Both A & B
2828. Which of the following nutrient play the most effective role in controlling rate of transpiration:
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A. Zinc

B. Phosphorus

C. Potassium

D. Mg

2829. Any material such as straw, sawdust, leaves, plastic films, & loose soil that is spread upon the surface of the soil to protect the soil & plant roots from the effects of raindrops, soil crusting, freezing or evaporation:
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A. Mulch

B. Muck

C. Mycorrhizae

D. Mull

2830. The lower leaves turn yellow and in some crops they quickly start drying up as if suffering from shortage of water, stunted growth, leaves & fruits shedding & whole plant becomes yellow, are deficiency symptoms of:_________?
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A. Potash

B. Nitrogen

C. Calcium

D. Both a & c

2831. The highest Cation Exchange Capacity is in:_________?
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A. Sandy Soil

B. Clay soil

C. Gravely soil

D. Both A & C

2832. The solid wastes generated in Pakistan are about: ___________?
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A. 65, 772 tonnes/day

B. All of the above

C. 12250 tonnes/day

D. 47,920 tonnes/day
2833. Field Capacity is a point at which?
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A. All the macro & micropores in the soil are filled with water

B. All the macropores filled with air & the micropores filled with water

C. All of the above wrong

D. All the macropores filled with water & the micropores filled with air

2834. An important component of total soil C is charcoal, also known as:__________?
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A. Black C

B. Biochar

C. Both A & B

D. None of the above

2835. What civil engineers called soil?
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A. Land

B. Soil

C. Earth

D. ragmented rock

2836. Term forest is derived from: ___________?
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A. None of the above

B. Latin word

C. French word

D. English word

2837. Flow of nitrogen in soil due to:_________?
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A. None of the above

B. Diffusion

C. Interception

D. Mass flow
2838. Chemicals, used for controlling the disease of crops, fruits & vegetables is___________ & chemical prepared for controlling insect-pests -:
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A. Weedicidesinsecticides

B. None of the above

C. InsecticidesHerbicides

D. FungicidesInsecticides
2839. Maximum fixation of K occurs:__________?
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A. 1:2 clay mineral

B. 1:1 clay mineral

C. 2:2 clay mineral

D. 2:1 clay mineral
2840. Fossils are found in which type of rock:
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A. Sedimentary rock

B. Metamorphic rock

C. Stratified rock

D. Both A & C
2841. Which type of structure is dominant in grasslands:
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A. Spheroidal or Sphere-like

B. Prismatic & Columnar

C. Platy & Luminar

D. Angular blocky Sub-angular blocky

2842. Extrusive rocks are also called as ___________ in which the grain or crystalline structure is too fine to be seen by the unaided eye?
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A. Volcanic Rock

B. Igneous Rock

C. Aphantic Rock

D. Both A & B

2843. Items needed for synthesis of plant food in green leaves are _________ & the process through which it takes place is called photosynthesis:
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A. Sunlight

B. All of the above

C. Chlorophyll

D. Water & plant nutrients

2844. Plants which grow on sandy soils:_________?
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A. Psammophytes

B. None of these

C. Lithophytes

D. Chasmophytes

2845. __________________ systems play a crucial role in increasing soil organic C storage and reducing net emissions of greenhouse gases in addition to soil erosion control:
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A. All of the above

B. Agroforestry

C. Engineering

D. Cultivating

2846. calcium is immobile in plants. Therefore, under conditions of deficiency, young tissue is affected first. calcium deficiency symptoms are:
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A. Death of terminal buds; roots tips also affected

B. Abnormal dark green appearance of foliage

C. All of the above

D. Premature shedding of blossoms & buds & weakened stem

2847. In which form plant uptake phosphorus?
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A. Both

B. HPO4-2

C. Non of these

D. H2po4

2848. From the sources of plant nutrients availability in soil, which of the following statements are correct:
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A. Air & water is the source of oxygen & the chief source of soil nitrogen is organic matter & when organic matter decomposes it gives ammonia.

B. All of the above

C. The plant absorbs carbon as carbondioxides directly from the atmosphere.

D. Water is the source of hydrogen

2849. Effects of soil pollution may also include:___________?
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A. All of the above

B. Soil structure is damaged or polluted soil may no longer grow crops & fodder

C. Crops & fodder grown on polluted soil may pass the pollutants on to the consumers

D. Pollution runs-off into rivers & kills the fish, plant & other aquatic life

2850. The soil texture refers to the relative proportion of sand,__________ and clay:
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A. Soil

B. Silt

C. Stone

D. Rock