sociology Mcqs
201. When conducting social research what is the next step in the scientific method after a review of the literature ?
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A. formulating a hypothesis

B. collecting data

C. choosing a research design

D. selecting a researchable problem

202. communities can be categorized terms of______________?
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A. All of above

B. Culture

C. Geography

D. Organizations

203. Karl Marx,s view of the struggle between social classes inspired the contemporary ?
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A. dramaturgical approach

B. conflict perspective

C. interactionist perspective

D. functionalist perspective

204. Ethnographic research produces qualitative data because_____________?
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A. it compares findings from a number of different cases

B. the findings are amenable to statistical analysis

C. it uncovers rich detailed accounts from an insiders perspective

D. it is conducted over a period of several years

205. The authors explain that feminist research methodology_____________?
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A. stresses that all human emotions are to be ignored all of the above

B. all of the above

C. places its main emphasis on concrete theories

D. is an approach to research which emphasizes inclusion fairness and humaneness?
206. The rise in patriotism following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, is an example of what function of deviance ?
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A. Warning

B. Authoritarian

C. Solidarity

D. Unification

E. Boundary setting

207. Ibne Khaldun conceived a theory of______________?
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A. Social conflict

B. Social change

C. All of the above

D. Solidarity

208. Sociology is concerned with__________________?
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A. Patterns of human behavior

B. all of the above

C. random human actions

D. the behavior of an individual

209. Which one of the following is exposed to an independent variable ?
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A. the representative group

B. none of the above

C. the experimental group

D. the control groups

210. The rate of rate of return or a mailed naire is usually_____________?
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A. very high

B. it can be both A and C

C. very low

D. None of these

211. The sociologist responsible for the modern-day adaptation of strain theory is______________?
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A. Merton

B. Weber

C. Cohen

D. Marx

E. Chambliss

212. Mostly the drugs are used for a number of causes a few_________________?
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A. Fun-Pleasure

B. All of the above

C. Peace of mind

D. Unemployment

213. Class conflict is the basic theory of_______________?
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A. Weber

B. Marx

C. All of above

D. Comte

214. Society is a complex organization of parts that function to fulfil the requirements and promote the needs of the whole is a concept of________________?
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A. Phenom ology

B. None of these

C. interaction school of thought

D. structural functionalism
215. Which of these NOT viewed as a strength of surveys ?
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A. the data is easy to quantify and analyses

B. they are often undertaken by specialist agencies

C. large numbers of people can be studied

D. they offer an appearance of precision
216. Which of the following would be an example of a random sample? A researcher_____________?
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A. examines the attitudes of residents of a city by interviewing every twentieth name in the citys telephone book

B. administers a naira to every fifth woman who enters a business office

C. studies the attitudes of Democratic voters by choosing every tenth name found on a citys list of registered Democrats

D. None of the above
217. According to Strain theory, ____ are those individuals who have traditional success goals but substitute deviant means by which to achieve them ?
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A. rebels

B. innovators

C. ritualists

D. conformists

E. ret realists

218. Which sociologist cofounded the famous Chicago settlement house Hull House ?
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A. Wright Mills

B. Jane Addams

C. Charles Horton Cooley

D. George Herbert Mead

219. The term secondary deviation refers to_________________?
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A. All of the above

B. the labelling of an act as deviant through social reaction to it

C. The punishment or stigmatization of deviant acts

D. the ways in which taking on a deviant role affects future action

220. The distribution of power in society is a concern for______________?
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A. macrosociology

B. ethnomethodology

C. microsociology

D. interactionism

221. Peer approval of your actions would be a good example of_____________?
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A. age-specific support

B. positivism

C. informal social control

D. internalization of norms

E. formal social control

222. Weber,s view that sociologists must not allow their personal biases to affect the conduct of their research is called______________?
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A. social facts

B. dialectical materialism

C. verstehen

D. value-free sociology
223. A researcher can obtain a higher response rate by using which type of survey ?
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A. interviews

B. representative samples

C. naires

D. observation techniques

224. Eyeballing is a technique that involves________________?
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A. gathering a sample from whoever you can see in a public place

B. scanning a table to identify general patterns and significant figures

C. keeping your eyes on research participants at all times

D. reading a textual document quickly to understand the gist of it

225. Which of the following sociology never wrote a book and about whose thoughts most of our knowledge is presented in an edited volume of his lectures published by his students after his death ?
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A. Karl Marx

B. Max Weber

C. George Herbert Mead

D. Emile Durkheim

226. If the information needed has already been written down somewhere it is looked up. It is called_____________?
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A. Statistical Comparative studies

B. Observational studies

C. None of these

D. Sociological analysis

227. Ibne Khaldun in his theories is near to______________?
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A. All of above

B. Comte

C. Kurkheim

D. Marx
228. Formulating the hypothesis is the _________ step in the scientific method?
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A. first

B. third

C. second

D. fourth

229. Which of the following is not a research purpose ?
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A. triangulation

B. explanation

C. description

D. exploration

230. When a number of researchers use the same operational definition to measure a variable and achieve the same results the measure is said to be_______________?
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A. reliable

B. internally consistent

C. valid

D. instrumental

E. factual

231. Social Sciences are pejoratively known as_______________?
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A. hard sciences

B. Theoretical

C. None of these

D. Soft sciences
232. Which of the following research methods uses existing records ?
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A. observational research

B. naire research

C. survey research

D. archival research

233. In observational studies the scientist observes_______________?
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A. the things that happen by themselves

B. Are arranged knowingly

C. both a and b

D. None of these

234. Constructed reality is________________?
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A. the ability to control the behavior of others

B. the principle that meaning derives from social interaction in daily life

C. and artificial explanation of culture that exists apart from any social reality or shared social meaning

D. the observed consequences that permit the adaptation or adjustment of a system

235. Whose theorizing according societal change comes closer to lqbal,s verse. Tujh ko bataoon taqdeer-e-huma kia hai shamsheer o Sannan Awwal taus o rabab akhir ?
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A. Ibn-e-Khaldum

B. Karl Max

C. None of these

D. George Hegel

236. Karl Marx,s view of the struggle between social classes inspired the contemporary ?
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A. conflict perspective

B. functionalist perspective

C. dramaturgical approach

D. interactionist perspective

237. Which of these terms is the odd one out ?
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A. causation

B. connection

C. association

D. correlation

238. What sociological theory of crime and deviance emphasizes sub-cultural belief systems as a major contributor to crime ?
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A. Strain theory

B. Anomie theory

C. Lower Class Focal Value theory

D. Social Process theory

E. Social Control theory

239. In order for field research to be successful the researcher must be________________?
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A. creative

B. unobtrusive

C. discreet

D. tactful

E. fluent in several languages

240. Which of these statements best represents C. Wright-Mills,s idea of the sociological imagination ?
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A. understanding the differences between the classical theorists

B. seeing the social world as one made up of Social facts

C. bringing together private troubles and public issues

D. avoiding explanations based on individual psychology

241. Which sociologist introduced the concept of culture lag ?
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A. William F. Ogbum

B. Auguste Comte

C. Talcott Parsons

D. Thorstein Veblen

242. Pure Sociology is a search for knowledge without primary concern for its______________?
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A. None of these

B. Applied use

C. Practical use

D. Basic understanding

243. Labelling theory encourages ________ as a way to completely avoid the stigmatization process?
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A. radical non-intervention

B. legalization

C. decriminalization

D. restitution

E. retribution

244. Sociological definitions of deviance consist of behaviors, beliefs, and_______________?
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A. realities

B. Choices

C. attributes

D. records

E. Conditions
245. A close connection between religion and economic forces has been presented by____________?
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A. C-Wright Mills

B. Max Weber

C. Emile Durkheim

D. Karl Max

246. In order to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population a survey must be based on precise ?
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A. surveys

B. experiments

C. hypotheses

D. representative sampling
247. When a research is not deceptive about the field research that he/she is this person is probably assuming the role of____________?
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A. complete participant

B. ethnographer

C. social scientist

D. secondary observer

E. participant-as-observer
248. What is the name of the process by which we acquire a sense of identity and become members of society ?
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A. rationalization

B. colonization

C. socialization

D. McDonaldization

249. Erving Goffman made a distinctive contribution to sociology by popularizing a particular type of interactionist method known as_________________?
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A. Verstehen

B. the dramaturgical approach

C. macrosociology

D. I,m O.K, you,re O.k

250. What is defined as non-conformity to a given set or norms that are accepted by a significant number of people in a community or society ?
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A. criminality

B. deviance

C. recidivism

D. degeneracy