2101. Steam under pressure in used in ________ sterilization?
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A. Pasteurization

B. Kochs sterilizer

C. hot air oven

D. Autoclave
2102. A veterinary doctor had pyrexia of unknown origin His blood culture in special laboratory media was positive for gram negative short bacilli which was oxidase positive. Which one of the following is the likely organism grown in culture ?
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A. Pasturella spp

B. Bartonella spp

C. Brucella spp

D. Francisella spp

2103. Robertsons cooked meat medium is best suited for cultivation of_______________?
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A. Clostridia

B. Mycobacterium

C. Choleria

D. S. epidermidis

2104. B.C.G untrue is_____________?
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A. All of the above

B. Orally administered

C. T.B vaccine

D. live vaccine

2105. VDRL is a________________?
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A. Slide flocculation test

B. Latex agglutination test

C. Tube flocculation test

D. Tube agglutination test

2106. Which of the following is not a kochs postulate ?
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A. Pure cultures can be obtained

B. When inoculated in experimental animals bacteria may or may not cause disease

C. Bacteria should be able to be isolated from the diseased tissue in the experimental animals

D. The bacteria should be able to be isolated from a diseased tissue

2107. Which of the following is an enrichment medium________________?
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A. Nutrient Broth

B. Selenite F Broth

C. Mac Conkey agar

D. Blood agar

2108. Which of the following structures, found external to the bacterial cell wall, are involved in bacterial attachment to cell surfaces?
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A. Pili

B. Capsule

C. Mesosomes

D. Flagella

2109. The most primitive mode of gene transfer occurs by____________?
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A. Cell fusion

B. Transduction

C. Conjugation

D. Translation

2110. The reaginic antibody is________________?
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A. IgD

B. IgG

C. IgA

D. IgE
2111. Loss of capsule in bacteria is generally associated with______________?
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A. Inability to spread through tissue

B. increase in invasiveness

C. Loss of infectivity

D. Decease in virulence
2112. Rideal Walker test is used to determine the efficiency of the_____________?
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A. Antibiotics

B. Moist heat sterilisation

C. Dry heat sterilization

D. Disinfectant
2113. False +ve for VDRL is seen in______________?
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A. Yaws

B. All of the above

C. Malaria

D. Lepromatous Leprosy

2114. When horse serum is injected intravenoulsy in to a rabbit and again in to the skin two or three weeks later, what is the necrotizing reaction that occurs as the site of the second injection________________?
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A. Arthus phenomenon

B. Anaphylaxis

C. Serum sickness

D. Atopy

2115. Exaltation is________________?
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A. No change

B. Increased Virulence

C. Decreased virulence

D. None

2116. The exact part of the antigen that reacts with the immune system is called as_____________?
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A. Idiotope

B. Paratope

C. Clone

D. Epitope
2117. Human immunoglobulins are divided based on_____________?
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A. None of the above

B. Functional differences

C. Complemented fixation

D. Structural differences
2118. Most of the drug resistances occurs due to_____________?
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A. Transformation

B. Mutation

C. conjugation

D. Transduction

2119. Hot air oven is used for sterilization of all EXCEPT__________________?
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A. Liquid paraffin

B. Rubber tubes

C. Glassware

D. Sharp instrument

2120. Complement binding immunoglobin via the classical pathway is_______________?
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A. IgG & igM

B. IgD & IgE

C. IgG & IgD

D. IgG & IgA

2121. The minimum time required for the sterilization of surgical instruments by moist heat at 134C is__________________?
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A. 30 minutes

B. 15 minutes

C. 3 minutes

D. 60 minutes

2122. The difference between sterilization and disinfection is that_______________?
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A. Sterilization involves chemicals and disinfection involves physical methods

B. Disinfection kills all spores but sterilization does not

C. Sterilization kills all spores but disinfection does not

D. Sterilization is easier to achieve

2123. Selective media for MYCOBACTERIUM _____________?
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A. Sabourauds medium

B. Lowenstein Jensen medium

C. Agar agar

D. Loefflers serum slope

2124. Bacterial species which is protective or beneficial to the host is_______________?
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A. Streptococcus sanguis

B. Spirochetes

C. Treponema denticola

D. Porphyromonas gingivalis

2125. Sporulation occurs in__________________?
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A. Log phase

B. Lag phase

C. Stationary phase

D. Decline phase

2126. Synthesis of antibodies in plasma cells occurs in_________________?
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A. Golgi body

B. Endoplasmic reticulum

C. Mitochondria

D. Nucleus

2127. Aflatoxins are produced by________________?
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A. Aspergillus fumigatus

B. Aspergillus niger

C. All of the above

D. Aspergillus flavus
2128. The commonly used fluorescent dye in the detection of tubercie bacilli________________?
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A. Congo red

B. Acridine orange

C. Thioglavin

D. Auramine and Rhodamine
2129. The term animalcules to oral microorganisms is given by__________________?
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A. Socranci

B. Leumenhoek

C. Wd miller

D. Robertson

2130. Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance of micro organisms is determined by________________?
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A. DNA probe

B. Direct microscopy

C. ELISA

D. Culture
2131. T cell matures in______________?
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A. Lymph node

B. Payers patch

C. Thymus

D. Busra of Fabricius

2132. Complement factor through which common pathway begins___________________?
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A. C3

B. C2

C. C5

D. Protein B

2133. Which of the following is a live vaccine_____________?
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A. 17 D

B. Salk

C. Hepatitis

D. HDCV
2134. The distinguishing characteristic of a positive delayed type hypersensitivity skin test is______________?
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A. Necrosis

B. Erythema

C. Vasculitis

D. Induration

2135. Borelia vincenti is a______________?
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A. Mycobacteria

B. Mycoplasma

C. Chlamydia

D. Spirochaete
2136. The type of immunoglobulin most commonly increased in multiple myeloma is_______________?
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A. IgA

B. IgD

C. IgM

D. IgG
2137. An elderly male patient presented with fever, chest pain, and dry cough, sputum culture showed growth on charcoal yeast Extract Medium, theorganism is______________?
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A. Burkholderia cepacia

B. Legionella

C. Moraxella catarrhalis

D. H. influenza

2138. The function of IgD is______________?
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A. Localization protection in external secretion

B. Antigen recognition by B cells

C. Compliment activation

D. Reagin activity

2139. All are true about legionella pneumophilia except______________?
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A. It can replicate in amoeba

B. Aquatic bodies are main habitat

C. Urine test is a reliable method

D. Person to person transmission
2140. A type of immediately occuring reaction in which antigens combine with antibodies already attached to the surface of mast cells and basophils is called_____________?
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A. Type III hypersensitivity

B. Type II hypersensitivity

C. Type IV hypersensitivity

D. Type I hypersensitivity
2141. Following reaction are produced by heterophil antigens except_____________?
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A. Forssman antigen antibody reaction

B. Widal reaction

C. Weil-Felix reaction

D. Paul bunnel reaction

2142. Megaloblastic anaemia is caused by_________________?
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A. Hookworm

B. Threadworm

C. Dog tapeworm

D. Fish tapeworm
2143. Cell wall deficient bacteria are_______________?
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A. Mycoplasma

B. Escherichia Coli

C. Staphylococci

D. Spirochetes

2144. Which of the following is not a feature of anaphylaxis ?
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A. None of the above

B. Immediate reaction

C. passive transfer by serum

D. Delayed reaction
2145. Which of the following is true about amoebic liver disease ?
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A. Trophozoites can be visualized in the pus

B. Portal system is the main filtration system

C. Left lobe of liver is commonly involved

D. Non-suppurative form is the serious form of extra intestinal amoebiasis

2146. Growth factor needed for Salmonella_________________?
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A. Tryptophan

B. Citrate

C. Niacin

D. B-12

2147. The antigen used in Weil Felix test is obtained from________________?
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A. Staphylococcus

B. Pseudomonas

C. coli

D. Proteus
2148. Which of the following is true about tetanus acquired through traumatic wound ?
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A. Causes positive Nagler reaction

B. The patient should be given tetanus toxoid intravenously

C. The tetanospasmin component of the exotoxin act on the post-synaptic neurones and prevents impulse transmission

D. Clostridium tetani travels via the nerves to the anterior horn dells in spinal cord
2149. Which is not true about vibrio cholera_________________?
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A. Grows on simple media

B. Man is the only natural host

C. Cannot survive in extracellular environment

D. It is non-halophilic

2150. Oil and Grease are sterilized by________________?
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A. Hot air oven

B. Auto claving

C. Ethylene dioxide

D. Irradiation