sociology Mcqs
701. Sociology differs from common sense in that_______________?
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A. it is subjective and biased

B. it focuses on the researchers own experiences

C. its knowledge is accumulated from many different research contexts

D. it makes little distinction between the way the world is and the way it ought to be

702. The thesis of glocalization is associated with which theorist ?
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A. Judith Butler

B. Kenichi Ohmae

C. Roland Robertson

D. Ulrich Beck

703. Species being means_______________?
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A. Self-actualization

B. Self-denial

C. None of these

D. both of these

704. World-systems theory distinguishes between core peripheral and semi-peripheral countries Which one of the following countries is part of the semi-periphery ?
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A. Spain

B. Japan

C. Brazil

D. Ethiopia

705. Punjabi and Sindhi cultures are_________________?
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A. Subcultures

B. Relative Cultures

C. None of these

D. Counter Cultures

706. In identifying social classes the reputational method is best suited for investigating social distinctions in_____________?
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A. small groups

B. large densely populated areas

C. none of the above

D. highly transient communities

707. which definition best describes the process of globalization ?
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A. human beings now live on every continent of the planet

B. we all now live in a single society

C. capitalist companies are spreading across the planet

D. individuals groups and nations are becoming more interdependent
708. The conflict Perspective is mostly based upon the work of______________?
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A. G.H Meads

B. Karl Marx

C. C.H Cooley

D. None of these

709. Spencer presented the theory of_______________?
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A. Social Evolution

B. None of these

C. Social Solidarity

D. Social Cohesion

710. All early sociologists emphasized that_____________?
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A. Sociology should be on personal theories

B. Sociology is not a science

C. None of these

D. sociology should follow scientific method
711. The earliest theoretical perspective in sociology______________?
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A. The Functionalist Perspective

B. None of these

C. The Evolutionary Perspective

D. Conflict Perspective

712. Modern Interactionists are______________?
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A. Erving Goffman

B. Herbert Blumer

C. Both a & b

D. None of these

713. Pakistanis share in the Worlds total adult illiterate is____________?
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A. None of these

B. 8%

C. 5%

D. 10%

714. What term is used to describe the way that the varied aspects of an individuals identity-such as class ethnicity gender disability and location -interact to produce complex patterns of inequality poverty and discrimination ?
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A. ascription

B. intersectionality

C. mobility

D. meritocracy

715. Which of the following is NOT a feature of all socially stratified systems ?
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A. people share characteristics without necessarily identifying with each other

B. the ranks of different social categories tend to change very slowly over time

C. stratification occurs because of inequalities in assets or property

D. peoples life-chances and experiences depend heavily on their social ranking
716. society is seen as a stable system in_______________?
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A. Evolutionary Perspective

B. Conflict Perspective

C. None of these

D. Functionalist Perspective
717. A system in which people have great difficulty changing their status is called a(n) ______________?
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A. objectified system

B. social differentiation

C. open system

D. closed system
718. The Interventionist Perspective was developed by________________?
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A. None of these

B. Marx

C. Spencer

D. G.H Meads and C.H Cooley
719. Cross-cultural research on infant care has found the following______________?
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A. Pediatricians are trained to teach parents the one universally accepted set of best practices for raising an infant

B. No culture supports waking a sleeping infant

C. Methods of caring for babies are linked to other elements of a societys culture

D. All cultures agree on the importance of exclusive mother-infant interaction to encourage bonding in the first 15 to months of life.

720. Literacy rate in 1951 was_____________?
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A. None of these

B. 20%

C. 10%

D. 16%
721. Pakistan ranks ________ out of 173 in the UNDP, s Human Development index ?
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A. None of these

B. 138th

C. 120th

D. 110th

722. Iron cage of bureaucracy was the perception of_______________?
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A. August Comte

B. Karl Marx

C. Emile Durkhiem

D. Max Weber
723. What percentage of the Nepalese workforce is employed in agriculture ?
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A. 63

B. 81

C. 28

D. 45

724. A film star whose parents were both factory workers illustrate ?
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A. downward intergenerational mobility

B. upward intergenerational mobility

C. upward intergenerational mobility

D. downward intergenerational mobility

725. The customary normal and habitual ways a group does things are called_____________?
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A. Folkways

B. Norms

C. Customs

D. None of these

726. According to functionalists society must be concerned with motivation because the duties associated with various statuses ?
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A. are equally important

B. are usually not defined

C. offer individuals varying degrees of personal growth

D. are not equally pleasant
727. The idea that classes vary according to their possession of cultural capital is associated with_____________?
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A. Pierre Bourdieu

B. Max Weber

C. John Goldthorpe

D. Karl Marx

728. In demographic terms what is the main argument associated with Malthusianism ?
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A. population growth creates the conditions for the spread of disease

B. birth control is irrelevant for the control of population growth

C. population growth tends to outstrip food production

D. all countries must pass through the demographic transition

729. Positive Philosophy the work of August Comte was published in______________?
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A. 1938

B. 1838

C. All of above

D. 1883

730. Which of these research projects would count as intersectional? A comparative study of employment based on______________?
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A. social class and gender

B. ethnicity and sexuality

C. all of them

D. gender and ethnicity

731. Anomie is a French word means___________?
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A. chaos

B. Solidarity

C. None of these

D. Harmony

732. Positivism is most accurately described as the belief that__________________?
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A. sociologists should make more use of official statistics

B. none of the above

C. knowledge should be produced based on evidence from observations

D. social research should highlight the positive aspects of social life

733. Subsistence Agriculture fulfils the needs of_________________?
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A. Agriculturist and his/her family

B. The larger part of population

C. None of these

D. The population on village level

734. Put the GDPs of these countries in descending order ______________?
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A. Sweden Switzerland Norway Portugal

B. Portugal Switzerland Norway Sweden

C. Sweden Norway Switzerland Portugal

D. Switzerland Norway Portugal Sweden

735. Karl Marx held that a social movement the revolt of the proletariat would help workers overcome feelings of____________?
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A. surplus value

B. class consciousness

C. false consciousness

D. socialist consciousness

736. Scientific method has following steps_______________?
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A. Problem hypothesis observation conclusion

B. Problem observation hypothesis data experiment conclusion

C. None of these

D. observation solution theory

737. Dependency theorists from low-income countries drew on the ideas of_____________?
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A. Bretton Woods

B. Karl Marx

C. Immanuel Wallerstein

D. Walt Rostow

738. Suicide is the work of_____________?
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A. Karl Marx

B. Emile Durkheim

C. None of these

D. Max Weber

739. Pakistanis urban and rural literacy rates are respectively ?
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A. 34%and 63%

B. 63% and 34%

C. 50,505

D. None of these

740. In 2013 which world region had the lowest proportion of Internet users per head of population but also the fastest rate of growth users ?
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A. Asia

B. Middle East

C. Africa

D. Oceania/Australia

741. According to Wright some class locations are contradictory because _______________?
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A. they are impossible for sociologists to measure and classify

B. they share features of the positions above and below them

C. their holders do not believe in the notion of class

D. there is disagreement about how to interpret them

742. Which term was used by Talcott Parsons in asserting that society tends toward a state of stability or balance ?
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A. equilibrium

B. status quo

C. magnetism

D. charisma

743. Which of the following statements about norms is correct ?
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A. all of the above

B. Norms are violated in some instances because one norm conflicts with another

C. In some instances behavior that appears to violate society,s norms the norms of a particular group

D. People do not follow norms in all situations In some cases they evade

744. Critics of the culture of poverty thesis point out that________________?
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A. the theory is too cultural and fails to take into account psychological implications

B. the poor have had their access to achievement blocked by the social order

C. the poor simply do not want the same things that other members of society want

D. not enough research has been done to come to any meaningful conclusion

745. Economic standing includes______________?
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A. wealth that which people own (have)

B. job security

C. both a and b

D. none of the above

746. How do sociologists describe former Third World societies that have moved towards an economic base in industrial production ?
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A. developing countries

B. peripheral countries

C. newly industrializing countries

D. globalizing countries

747. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a post-industrial society ?
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A. Changes are accompanied by the knowledge explosion based on the creation processing and distribution of knowledge

B. Many processes in the work place are automated

C. Increasing numbers of workers are employed in the service sector

D. Economic self-sufficiency is displaced by complex divisions of labour exchange relationships and national and international market systems
748. Which sociological perspective argues that stratification is universal, and that social inequality is necessary so that people will be motivated to fill socially important positions ?
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A. labelling perspective

B. conflict perspective

C. interactionist perspective

D. functionalist perspective
749. A plumber whose father was a physician is an example of_________________?
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A. upward intergenerational mobility

B. downward intergenerational mobility

C. downward intergenerational mobility

D. upward intergenerational mobility

750. Horticulture and agriculture developed_____________?
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A. 10,000 to 80,00, B.C.E

B. 1000 to 8000 B.C.C

C. None of these

D. 100 to 800 B.C.E