miscellaneous Mcqs
801. The human social process most important for social interaction is_______________?
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A. cooperation

B. none of the above

C. conflict

D. competition

802. Efficiency in economic terminology means________________?
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A. using existing technology

B. making do with as few workers as possible

C. ignoring the time factor

D. obtaining the highest output in the least amount of time
803. Children have taken on the role of the generalized other when______________?
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A. they are consciously socialized

B. they have learned to speak

C. they start school

D. most of the important norms have been internalized

804. A trained observer_________________?
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A. knows what to expect

B. knows which data are relevant to the research problem

C. is most a home in experimental settings?

D. records everything that he or she sees

805. Political science stresses the study of_______________?
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A. government

B. power

C. state

D. all of the above
806. Another way of saying that position in a group are value-rated by group members is_______________?
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A. roles are scripted

B. authority is hierarchical

C. statuses are ranked

D. statuses are ascribed

807. Symbolic interaction ?
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A. none of the above

B. excludes written language

C. includes gestures speech and music

D. is entirely nonverbal

808. An example of a temporary subculture would be_______________?
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A. the MTV generation

B. vegetarians

C. players of chess

D. monks in a convent

809. Language gestures and music are________________?
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A. human values

B. cultural traits

C. normative systems

D. symbol systems
810. The attitude of some Americans toward the minorities in their midst shows_______________?
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A. cultural superiority

B. cultural relativity

C. the importance of culture

D. culture shock

811. People who are important in shaping your self-concept and whose approval you wish to have are_____________?
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A. the l and the me

B. generalized others

C. significant others

D. the ego and the superego

812. The political process_______________?
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A. allows those representing minority views to try to become the majority

B. allows those in positions of power to ignore the peoples wishes

C. favors those representing majority views

D. none of the above

813. Telling a child You should always say thank you when someone gives you something is an example of____________?
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A. conscience socialization

B. unconscious socialization

C. conscious socialization

D. subconscious socialization

814. Norms are essentially ?
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A. rules for behavior

B. what is most feared

C. systems of rewards and punishment

D. what is right

815. The microelements of societies are made up of_____________?
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A. diseases that harm societies

B. none of the above

C. processes of social interaction

D. problems of cement roads

816. The economic participant who decides how to use the factors of production and for what purpose in called a________________?
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A. market

B. household

C. product

D. firm
817. The succession of stages in Jean Piaget,s model of cognitive development is_______________?
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A. early childhood plays concrete operational and formal operational

B. sensimotor pre-operational intuitive operational and concrete operational

C. infancy childhood adolescence and adulthood

D. sensorimotor intuitive operational concrete operational and formal operational
818. Intuition authority tradition and common sense ?
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A. are just as exact as the scientific method

B. are all equally valid tools of inquiry

C. are still used as tools of inquiry

D. have been totally replaced the scientific method

819. Enacting legislation__________________?
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A. sometimes pits the executive branch against the interests of the members of states and districts

B. is a slow and painful process

C. all of the above

D. involves negotiation and compromise

820. Absence of body contact and stimulation in infants inhibits_______________?
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A. biological drives

B. aggressive behavior

C. instinctual development

D. development of higher learning functions
821. In the United States a sense of national identity ?
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A. was first based on a common ethnicity and language

B. only B and C

C. was later reinforced by the notion of specialness

D. never developed

822. Deviance is defined______________?
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A. in the same way everywhere

B. in some cultures, as nonexistent

C. in the context of time and place

D. as another world for crime

823. Schizophrenia is_______________?
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A. another name for split personality

B. a psychosomatic disorder

C. a term meaning to hallucinate

D. applied to a number of disturbances for lack of any other label
824. The myth complex functions to_________________?
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A. give legitimate authority to the government in power

B. secure that will of the people

C. fool the people some of the time

D. make people feel free

825. Culture______________?
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A. is arguably possessed to some degree by nonhuman primates as well as humans

B. is based on symbols in animals and on signals among humans

C. all of the above

D. is a property of all higher animal groups?

826. How are presidential programs funded ?
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A. By government investments

B. By withdrawals from the Treasury Department

C. By foreign nations

D. By Congress
827. Federalism many be defined as a system of_____________________?
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A. central power

B. wholesale power

C. regional power

D. concurrent power
828. Laissez-faire______________?
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A. is the French expression Adam Smith used to mean that government should keep its hands off the economy?

B. is the economic theory introduced to the U.S by Keynes?

C. is the rallying cry of the Women Liberation Movement?

D. was Karl Marxs exhortation to the workers of the world

829. Individuals who become inmates of a total institution undergo the process of______________?
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A. anomie

B. socialization

C. desocialization

D. resocialization

830. An example of a category would be_____________?
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A. sharpshooters at a pistol range

B. all the redheads currently imprisoned in the U.S

C. the N.A.A.C.P

D. the N.R.A

831. Critiques of bureaucratic forms of business administration argue that_____________?
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A. vertical hierarchies of power are too sluggish

B. explicit standards of quality control must be imposed by management

C. employees are given too much discretion

D. small organization inevitably become bureaucracies

832. Skepticism refers to________________?
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A. doubting

B. impartiality

C. repetition

D. precision

833. The foremost advantage of a corporation is its_____________?
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A. ability to profit from the labor of its employees

B. ability to accumulate vast amounts of capital in a short time

C. capacity for protracted periods of employment

D. necessity to exhibit the latest technology

834. A police office follows a speeding car and when the car finally stops she is horrified to discover her husband at the wheel in giving him a ticket she experiences______________?
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A. fear of a divorce

B. role conflict

C. a master status

D. no role involvement

835. The social sciences have_____________?
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A. more control over data than physics

B. problems with studying people in laboratories

C. been accepted as equally valid as the physical sciences

D. complete objectivity

836. The power elite are drawn from among the_______________?
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A. middle-class urban residents

B. union leaders

C. military and business leaders

D. intellectuals

837. In regard to public and political opinion_________________?
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A. public opinion is limited to few issues

B. political opinion is all opinions expressed on political issues

C. political opinion deals with all matters

D. they are the same

838. If the daughter of a factory worker wants to become the president of the company for which her father works we may assume that______________?
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A. she has a different reference group than her social class would indicate

B. her father has special connections to the boss

C. she has been reading too many yuppie biographies

D. the daughter likes to daydream

839. Human beings are born into a social world that is_______________?
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A. totally beyond their control

B. not of their own making

C. newly created in each generation

D. the result of cultural development over previous generation
840. In the American political system_____________?
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A. there is no ruling elite

B. real equality for everyone is a fact

C. everyone participates in the political process

D. members of Congress and their constituents generally do not know much about what the other thinks
841. Cultural change is always________________?
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A. fast and dramatic

B. slow and imperceptible

C. nether of the above

D. both of the above
842. Gestalt psychology looks at__________________?
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A. separate items of personality

B. physical appearance

C. behavior as whole

D. instincts

843. Studying the interaction between government and the economy would occur on a______________?
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A. secondhand level

B. macrosocial level

C. microsocial level

D. macroscopic level

844. A pluralist in the U.S would maintain that___________________?
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A. power is in the hands of a small homogeneous class of leaders

B. significant decisions are made by the upper classes

C. policy reflects the wishes of a few elites

D. power is spread through multiple centers
845. An ideology is______________?
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A. always based on religion

B. a set of ideas values and attitudes

C. a testable theory

D. none of the above

846. Statistics that allow researchers to generalize to a population from a sample are called______________?
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A. descriptive

B. correlational

C. longitudinal

D. inferential
847. Culture is based on______________?
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A. genetic heredity

B. simple learning only

C. instinct

D. learning thorough symbols
848. Achieved status would be especially important in_______________?
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A. ancient Egypt

B. 19th century India

C. none of the above

D. feudal Europe

849. The Democrats lost the presidential elections in 1984 and 1988 because of______________?
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A. loss of direct contact with the electorate

B. huge political gaffes

C. split ticket voting

D. running the wrong candidates
850. Which resources are scarce in every society ?
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A. Food shelter and protective coverings

B. Sufficient males to mate with all the females

C. Wheat and com

D. Fertile land